The Alphard is primarily created for the Japanese marketplace, but can also be sold in Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Brunei, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Indonesia, Oman, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Thailand and Myanmar.

In 2006, a Royal Lounge Alphard was released. It’s a lavish, four-seat version of this Alphard and exclusive to “Toyopet Store” Japanese dealerships. Toyota also produces a sportier version of the Alphard, known as the Vellfire that’s exclusive to “NETZ Shop” Japanese dealerships.

---

Design

The full size Alphard Hybrid MPV qualifies as an Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle (ULEV), achieving emission levels 75% lower than the Japanese government’s year 2000 benchmark.

The 2.4-litre gasoline engine was developed especially for use in Toyota’s hybrid systems and comes with a high-expansion ratio cycle which increases efficacy and reduces friction.

The Alphard Hybrid utilizes “by-wire” technology that monitors brake pedal pressure and vehicle speed to be able to compute the optimum hydraulic pressure.

By-wire works with the E-Four to maximize the collection of kinetic energy from braking for conversion to electrical power.

The Alphard Hybrid can create up to 1,500 watts and is equipped with standard 100-volt AC power sockets, allowing a broad assortment of appliances for use, like laptops and emergency lighting.

The electrical outlets may also be used to recharge items like power-assisted bicycles and electric carts, adding a fresh dimension to leisure activities.

---

Third generation (ANH30; 2015–present)

Toyota released the next generation Alphard on 26 January 2015 with a new look and new features like a new 2.5-litre gasoline engine, 2.5-litre petrol hybrid engine.

A new top-of-the-line Executive Lounge grade was included for the two Alphard and Vellfire.

Third generation Alphard is now available in Japan and some Asian markets with Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines and Hong Kong are being the initial markets outside Japan to obtain this all-new model and lately the all-new Alphard was introduced in Russia, the model’s primary and so far only European market, but just with the 3.5 L V6 engine.

The new generation features quite large grille like the present model Toyota Crown. The span has grown longer by 60 mm, the diameter

The span has grown longer by 60 mm, the diameter by 20 mm and the wheelbase has grown longer by 50 mm but the elevation is shorter by 10 mm compared to the previous generation. The Alphard faces competition from large MPV’s like the Nissan Elgrand and the fifth generation Honda Odyssey (JDM and Asian version). [10] Large audio manufacturers such as Alpine Electronics and JBL, also manufacture navigation and audio/visual accessories especially for the Alphard.

The Alphard faces competition from large MPV’s like the Nissan Elgrand and the fifth generation Honda Odyssey (JDM and Asian version).Large audio manufacturers such as Alpine Electronics and JBL, also manufacture navigation and audio/visual accessories especially for the Alphard.

Large audio manufacturers such as Alpine Electronics and JBL, also manufacture navigation and audio/visual accessories especially for the Alphard.

The Alphard is primarily created for the Japanese marketplace, but can also be sold in Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Brunei, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Indonesia, Oman, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Thailand and Myanmar.

In 2006, a Royal Lounge Alphard was released. It’s a lavish, four-seat version of this Alphard and exclusive to “Toyopet Store” Japanese dealerships. Toyota also produces a sportier version of the Alphard, known as the Vellfire that’s exclusive to “NETZ Shop” Japanese dealerships.

---

Design

The full size Alphard Hybrid MPV qualifies as an Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle (ULEV), achieving emission levels 75% lower than the Japanese government’s year 2000 benchmark.

The 2.4-litre gasoline engine was developed especially for use in Toyota’s hybrid systems and comes with a high-expansion ratio cycle which increases efficacy and reduces friction.

The Alphard Hybrid utilizes “by-wire” technology that monitors brake pedal pressure and vehicle speed to be able to compute the optimum hydraulic pressure.

By-wire works with the E-Four to maximize the collection of kinetic energy from braking for conversion to electrical power.

The Alphard Hybrid can create up to 1,500 watts and is equipped with standard 100-volt AC power sockets, allowing a broad assortment of appliances for use, like laptops and emergency lighting.

The electrical outlets may also be used to recharge items like power-assisted bicycles and electric carts, adding a fresh dimension to leisure activities.

---

Third generation (ANH30; 2015–present)

Toyota released the next generation Alphard on 26 January 2015 with a new look and new features like a new 2.5-litre gasoline engine, 2.5-litre petrol hybrid engine.

A new top-of-the-line Executive Lounge grade was included for the two Alphard and Vellfire.

Third generation Alphard is now available in Japan and some Asian markets with Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines and Hong Kong are being the initial markets outside Japan to obtain this all-new model and lately the all-new Alphard was introduced in Russia, the model’s primary and so far only European market, but just with the 3.5 L V6 engine.

The new generation features quite large grille like the present model Toyota Crown. The span has grown longer by 60 mm, the diameter

The span has grown longer by 60 mm, the diameter by 20 mm and the wheelbase has grown longer by 50 mm but the elevation is shorter by 10 mm compared to the previous generation. The Alphard faces competition from large MPV’s like the Nissan Elgrand and the fifth generation Honda Odyssey (JDM and Asian version). [10] Large audio manufacturers such as Alpine Electronics and JBL, also manufacture navigation and audio/visual accessories especially for the Alphard.

The Alphard faces competition from large MPV’s like the Nissan Elgrand and the fifth generation Honda Odyssey (JDM and Asian version).Large audio manufacturers such as Alpine Electronics and JBL, also manufacture navigation and audio/visual accessories especially for the Alphard.

Large audio manufacturers such as Alpine Electronics and JBL, also manufacture navigation and audio/visual accessories especially for the Alphard.

Produced in large part by Toyota’s Thai operations, the Fortuner has piggybacked the achievement of the Hilux and is currently built in a range of countries such as Egypt, Pakistan, India, Argentina and Indonesia.

While the first generation Fortuner was developed in Thailand by Thai and Japanese engineers, the facelift version of this Fortuner, along with the Hilux and the Innova, was designed in Australia by Toyota Australia, which is also responsible for creating the next generation of the Fortuner.

This car was the best selling in its own category (SUV/PPV) in Thailand and the Philippines, and is hugely popular in India. For the moderate pick-up based SUV segment in these markets, Toyota Provides the Hilux Surf (Japan), 4Runner (North America) and Land Cruiser Prado (Europe, Australasia and China).

However, in certain Central and South American nations and New Zealand, Toyota Provides the Fortuner alongside the 4Runner and Land Cruiser Prado, like in Panama or Colombia.The title “Fortuner” comes from the English word, Fortune.

 

---

The next generation Toyota Fortuner premiered in May 2016 with two variations: 2.4 VRZ AT 4×4 turbodiesel and 2.7 SRZ AT 4×4 gas.

In January 2017, the two versions obtained EEV status. In September 2017, the.2.4 VRZ was rebranded into the 2.4 4×4 AT and two additional models were introduced: 2.4 VRZ 4×2 AT and 2.4 VRZ 4×4 AT.

 

In North America the favorite choice package, the SR5 (Sport Rally 5-Speed), was colloquially used as a version name for the truck, even though the alternative package was also used on other Toyota models such as the 1972 to 1979 Corolla. In 1995, Toyota introduced a new pickup version, the Tacoma in North America, discontinuing the Hilux/Pickup there.

The 4Runner is currently a complete SUV, and the newer models do not resemble the Tacoma.

---

Eighth generation (AN120, AN130; 2015–present)

The eighth generation Toyota Hilux was formally released concurrently on 21 May 2015 in Bangkok, Thailand and Sydney, Australia.

The Thai and Lao marketplace also adopted a new name, Toyota Hilux Revo. The Hilux employs the “Keen Look” design language which is already applied at the Toyota Corolla (E170) with slender projector headlights and LED DRL (Daytime Running Lights).

This design continues to the inside with similar AC port and centre fascia design. This creation features Toyota’s first autonomous emergency braking (AEB).

New ESTEC GD 2.4-liter, 2.8-liter and KD 2.5-liter, 3.0-liter diesel motors, shared with the Fortuner and Innova, were combined with a five- or six-speed manual transmission or a five- or six-speed automatic transmission with sequential shift.

The 2.8-liter GD engine was released in May 2015 in the 36th International Vienna Motor Symposium.

The 2.0, 2.7- and 4.0-liter gas engines from the preceding generation is going to be reused with a Double VVT-iupgrade for its three engines to increase power and torque.

However, the car would hit the showrooms in October, 5 weeks after its official launch. Like the last generation, this generation has also been marketed as the TruckMasters OX in Finland by Truck Masters Finland since 2017.

The altered suspension means the vehicle is registered as a light truck in Finland, resulting in lower taxes. The Hilux was re-introduced in Japan on 12 September 2017, after 13 years of hiatus. The first components are imported from Thailand.

 

---

Reputation

The Hilux has gained a reputation for exceptional sturdiness and dependability during continual heavy use or even misuse.

This standing was highlighted in many episodes of this BBC motoring show Top Gear. In series 3, episodes 5 and 6, a 1988 petrol N50 Hilux with 305,775 kilometers (190,000 mi) on the odometer was exposed to extraordinary abuse suffering severe structural damage, but still running after being mended with just the common tools that would be seen at a truck’s toolbox.

This Hilux became one of those background decorations at the Top Gear studio.

At the subsequent series 8, episode 3, a Hilux was selected by Jeremy Clarkson as his platform for producing an amphibious vehicle, and at the Top Gear:

Polar Special Clarkson and James May raced a specially modified 2007 model Hilux into the magnetic north pole from Northern Canada — creating the truck the first motor vehicle to make it to the magnetic north pole.

The camera crew’s car from this episode was later driven to near the summit of an abysmal Icelandic volcano (Eyjafjallajökull) by James May in Series 15, Episode 1.

In 1999, the Hilux appeared at a collection of “Bugger” television commercials in New Zealand and Australia.

The commercials were prohibited in New Zealand after getting 120 complaints but later reinstated. A world record was achieved by the support team for the participants at the 2008/2009 Amundsen Omega 3 South Pole Race.

The team flew in specially adapted Toyota Hiluxes altered by Arctic Trucks, finishing a trip of over 5,000 kilometers (3,100 mi) from Novo, a Russian Scientific Station in Antarctica into the Geographic South Pole and back again, which makes them the first 4×4s to reach the South Pole.

The return journey of 2,500 km (1,600 mi) from the South Pole to Novo Station was completed in a record 8 days and 17 hours.Because of its durability and reliability, the Toyota Hilux, together with the bigger Toyota Land Cruiser, is becoming popular among militant groups in war-torn areas as a “technical”.

In accordance with terrorism analyst Andrew Exum, the Hilux is “the vehicular equivalent of the AK-47. It is omnipresent to insurgent warfare.

U.S. counter-terror officials have asked with Toyota the way the Salafi jihadist extremist group Islamic State of Iraq and the Levanthas reportedly acquired large quantities of Toyota Hiluxes and Land Cruisers.

Mark Wallace, the CEO of this Counter Extremism Project said, “Unfortunately, the Toyota Land Cruiser and Hilux have effectively become almost part of the ISIS brand.” The 1980s Toyota War involving Libya and Chad was so named due to the heavy usage of Hilux trucks as “light cavalry” vehicles.

Ford commissioned the title “Ranger” in 1982 for the 1983 model year for a compact pickup truck offered in North America and, later, parts of South America.Since 1998, Ford has provided a distinct model of Ranger sold globally.

This is the only Ford Ranger that remains in production.

---

Third-generation versions, as produced since 2011, were engineered and designed by Ford Australia, with this time the Mazda badged version being the derivative version of the Ford, offered since the next generation BT-50.

This third generation is also the foundation for the Ford Everest SUV and so, the Ranger and the Everest discuss a number of attributes.

Third generation Ford Ranger and especially its most expensive flagship version (the Ranger “Wildtrack”), has vastly increased its presence on the European market, making the Ranger the most popular pickup truck in Europe by 2015.

---

 

Safety

The Exora has an equivalent 4-star EuroNCAP evaluation after 32 Exoras were crashed in the Applus+ IDIADA crash testing facility in Spain.

Moreover, the Exora was awarded a 4-star evaluation by Malaysia’s own MyVAP evaluation program.

The Exora has been given a four-star ANCAP safety evaluation, applicable to all versions. From the offset crash test, the Exora scored 10.55 from 16 points — motorist torso protection was acceptable and leg protection was marginal.

In the side impact crash test, it handled 14.82 from 16 points — motorist chest protection was recorded as acceptable.

The Exora result — with testing completed in July 2013 — revealed its performance in the 40% frontal offset test, where the danger of severe harm to the driver’s legs was large.

Side impact performance was great, but overall pedestrian evaluation results were poor, based on ANCAP.

One of the important features that made these evaluations possible is using high tensile steel for the body cage, providing better stability and increased impact absorption during a collision.

Side impact bars can also be installed to reinforce the door frames and to absorb impacts from either side.

Other security features include an Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) to prevent skidding in case of sudden emergency braking and Electronic Brakeforce Distribution (EBD) to make sure that the appropriate amount of braking power is delivered to the appropriate wheels in line with the present weight distribution of the automobile.

Two leading airbags and pre-tensioner seat belts are set up for the front passengers.

However, Exora versions sold in Australia include four airbags and Electronics Control (ESC) along with the above.

At the end of January 2015, the facelifted Exora Bold called Exora Bold MC2 in Malaysia eventually getting regular ESC, 4 airbags, reverse camera, back fog lamp, also DRL for the top version the same as the Australian version.

The Exora also comes with a Body Control Module (BCM) that allows automatic detection and configuration of various vehicle functions like door locking/unlocking, interior lamps, headlamps, brake lamps, hazard lights and wipers.

---

Exora (Enhanced) (2017–present)

The 2017 Proton Exora (Enhanced) was released on 23 July 2017 as the successor to the Exora Bold MC2.

The 2017 Exora introduced mainly cosmetic changes and sound, vibration, and harshness (NVH) enhancements.

The exterior design of this 2017 Exora has been upgraded to feature Proton’s new three-dimensional badge, in accord with the business’s recently launched models.

The 2017 Exora also comes with a new dual-tone paint structure, mirroring that of the 2017 Iriz.

The front grille and rear garnish strip are now painted shiny black on both 2017 Exora versions, while the Executive Plus comes with a black-painted roof, wing mirror caps, rear spoiler, and tailgate.

The two 2017 Exora versions are equipped with 16-inch alloy wheels.

The Executive version carries over silver-painted, ten-spoke metal rims in the incoming Exora Bold Premium, while the Executive Plus is fitted with upgraded two-tone metal rims from the Inspira.

The interior design of this 2017 Exora has been carried over largely unchanged over the Exora Bold MC2.

Nonetheless, the Executive Plus version was updated with the Prevé’s steering wheel design and a new floor console-mounted USB interface, as well as minor cosmetic changes to the leather upholstery and center console trim inserts.

The present CamPro 1.6L Turbo engine and CVT powertrain has also been carried over, but it now sits on a brand new three-mount configuration, designed to reduce transmissions of motor vibrations to the cottage.

Safety equipment from the 2017 Exora includes dual airbags, ABS and EBD for the two versions, while ESC is exclusive to the Executive Plus.

Twin side airbags, formerly provided in the Exora Bold Premium and Super Premium versions, aren’t offered at the 2017 Exora.The 2017 Exora is produced in five different colors, namely Cotton White, Cocoa Grey, Ruby Red, Indiana Grey and Elegant Brown.

Starting 2005, the Vios was also promoted alongside its hatchback match, the Yaris in many Asia Pacific countries.

The next creation Vios is known as the Yaris sedan in America, Canada, Trinidad and Tobago Jamaica, the Middle East and Australia.The title Vios is derived from Latin and means “to proceed”.

---

The third generation of the Toyota Vios premiered in Malaysia on 2 October 2013, and is offered in five unique versions (1.5J manual, 1.5J automatic, 1.5E automatic, 1.5G automatic and 1.5 TRD automatic), by former Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad, much like the preceding generation.

There was also a TRD Sportivo version similar to the previous generation which comes with TRD decorative components and an all round bodykit including daytime running lights on the front bumper and 15 inch TRD wheels.

The bodykit is discretionary on the other J, E and G variants.In ancient 2015, Smart Entry and Push Start were made standard across the whole selection.

The door handles and rear garnish strip on the 1.5J and 1.5E obtained a chrome finish. The 1.5G version received an all-black leather interior, replacing the prior beige colour scheme.

Additionally, it added door sill scuff plates — also regular on the 1.5E variant. Further updates on the 1.5G version were also the blue-coloured front footwell illumination while the range-topping TRD Sportivo model includes a similar setup, albeit using an amber-coloured setup.

The new DVD-AVX program increased the display to 6.1 inches (compared to the older 5.8-inch display) with USB, SD, AUX and Bluetooth together with a reverse camera.

The more premium DVD-AVN alternative came with a new design, a 7.0-inch touchscreen system, WiFi, HDMI, Bluetooth, voice recognition and a reverse camera.

For the 2016 models, the Vios recognizable 1NZ-FE VVT-i mill, was replaced with a 2NR-FE 1.5 litre Double VVT-i motor throughout the lineup.

The outgoing four-speed automatic gearbox was replaced in favour of a new continuously variable transmission (CVT) with seven-speed mode.

In September 2016, an official distributor UMW Toyota Motor Malaysia introduced the new GX version, which has a new bodykit, smoked projector headlights, a dark chrome grille, two-tone brakes and black-and-tan mix leather chairs.

The Innova is a part of Toyota’s IMV program along with the Hilux pickup truck and the Fortuner SUV.

Its official title in Indonesia is Toyota Kijang Innova, while for other countries it’s Innova.The Innova is also sold in India (substituting the Qualis), Malaysia (replacing the Unser), the Philippines (substituting the Revo), Taiwan (replacing the Zace Surf), Vietnam(replacing Zace), Jamaica and Thailand.

Unlike some of its rivals, like the TATA Sumo Grande, Chevrolet Tavera, or the Mahindra Xylo, but such as the recently launched Tata Aria, the Innova looks more like a minivan. The title “Innova” comes from the English word innovation.

---

Engines

The Innova is powered by either a petrol 2.0-liter 136 PS (100 kW) 1TR-FE VVT-i, a 2.7-liter (2TR-FE) version of the same, or a 2.5-liter 102 PS (75 kW) 2KD-FTV D-4D common rail liter engine.

The 2.7-liter unit is just for the V, with automatic transmission.The 2.7-liter gas engine has been dropped from the Indonesian market because of low demand.

The diesel versions use turbocharged 2KD-FTV engine that generates 102 hp (76 kW) and 260 N·m (190 lb·ft) of torque when mated to the four-speed automatic transmission and 200 N·m (150 lb·ft) when mated to the five-speed manual.

Gas models are also available in five-speed manual or four-speed automatic versions. All versions utilise the rear-wheel drive configuration. It’s available in five versions : GX, VX and ZX for 2.4- and GX and ZX for the 2.8-liter.

 

---

Safety

Take on any travel with complete confidence. In the all-new Innova is where excellence in passive and active safety is manifested to give you and all those aboard the exceptional protection that you want.

The ABS ensures safer steering and braking control by preventing wheel lock-ups during sudden braking or while braking in slippery conditions. In cases of emergency braking, the BA assists by creating a bigger braking force.VSC prevents

VSC prevents vehicle from spinning and provides optimum stability in varying weather and road conditions by applying brakes to the wheels individually to decrease oversteer or understeer.

TRC provides more traction when accelerating on slippery surfaces by applying brakes independently to each wheel and reducing engine power to reduce wheel spin to get more traction.

Brake pressure is momentarily maintained when the driver lifts their foot off the brake pedal and it is going to be published easily when the accelerator pedal is pressed.

In circumstances where emergency braking is utilised, the hazard warning lights will automatically be activated, sending a warning to other vehicles to reduce chances of a rear end collision.

The all-new Innova includes 7 SRS airbags (dual front, side, curtain, driver’s knee), ensuring total protection for everybody onboard in the event of a collision.

The all-new Innova includes a body structure that effectively absorbs impact during sudden collisions.

High-tensile strength steel sheets and supplementary materials are used throughout the entire body structure for your security. I

n case of a collision, the impact energy will be absorbed and efficiently dispersed throughout the high-tensile strength frame and body construction.

Daihatsu provides the vehicle to Toyota beneath a consigned manufacturing and OEM manufacturing arrangement. The car was unveiled

The car was unveiled at the Gaikindo Auto Expo in July 2003, and started in December 2003 and sold over 100,000 units annually.

The title “Avanza” was taken from the Italian term “avanzato”, which means “progress”.

Its spiritual predecessor was the Kijang, whose version program has since been divided to two unique versions (the other being the bigger, more expensive Kijang Innova) to enlarge Toyota’s reach in the MPV sector.

The Avanza has like the Kijang’s rural road-capable, rear-wheel drive, body-on-frame design. Along with Indonesia and Malaysia, the Avanza is sold in Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, Brunei, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Middle East, Mexico, Caribbean, Egypt, and various other African states.

Along with Indonesia and Malaysia, the Avanza is sold in Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, Brunei, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Middle East, Mexico, Caribbean, Egypt, and various other African states.

A rebadged version of the vehicle was sold in China under the FAW badge till 2010.

As of October 2011, there were 1 million Avanza/Xenia units offered, including 113,000 exported units. Toyota Avanza Engine oil volume is 3.0L complete. Automatic transmission oil is 4.6Liter.

 

---

Engines

In Malaysia, the Avanza is offered in certain versions: 1.5 G, 1.5 S in automatic transmission, along with 1.5 E and 1.3 E in the manual and automatic transmission.

It sports a 1.3-liter K3-DE EFI petrol inline-four motor using a maximum output of 86 PS (63 kW; 85 hp) at 6,000 rpm (before 2006). a 1.3-liter K3-VE VVT-i gas engine which generates 92 PS (68 kW; 91 hp) at 6,000 rpm, plus a 1.5-liter 3SZ-VE gas engine which generates 104 PS (76 kW; 103 hp) at 6,000 rpm. In other markets, the Avanza also supplied using a 1.4-liter 1ND-TV diesel engine which generates 90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp) at 3,800 rpm.

A 1.3-liter K3-VE VVT-i gas engine which generates 92 PS (68 kW; 91 hp) at 6,000 rpm, plus a 1.5-liter 3SZ-VE gas engine which generates 104 PS (76 kW; 103 hp) at 6,000 rpm. In other markets, the Avanza also supplied using a 1.4-liter 1ND-TV diesel engine which generates 90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp) at 3,800 rpm.

In other markets, the Avanza also supplied using a 1.4-liter 1ND-TV diesel engine which generates 90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp) at 3,800 rpm.

In 2015, the Avanza contains two new motors, is made up of 1.3-liter 1NR-VE Double VVT-i gas engine which generates 97 PS (71 kW; 96 hp) at 6,000 rpm and 1.5-liter 2NR-VE Double VVT-i gas engine which generates 104 PS (76 kW; 103 hp) at 6,000 rpm.

Its engine codes utilize -VE suffix rather than -FE since both motors can also be utilized in Daihatsu cars.

The Perodua Alza Attained a 4-star ASEAN NCAP rating.

All versions are fitted with dual front airbags, while the facelifted mid sized SE and range-topping Advance versions adds on anti-lock braking system (ABS) with electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD) and brake assist (BA).

---

In January 2014, Perodua launched the facelifted Alza in three versions; the Standard (MT & AT), SE (Special Edition, MT & AT) and Advance Edition (AT only).

The Alza received many cosmetic changes, such as a revised front grille, front bumper, rear bumper and new alloy wheels, while the Advanced version obtained a multimedia system with reverse and navigation camera.

The transmission and engine pairing remained unchanged. It was available in five colours: Ivory White, Ebony Black, Glittering Silver, Mystical Purple and Passion Red.

The Perodua Alza S replaces the Standard version. The inside includes a leather-wrapped steering wheel with audio buttons, a sound system with USB and Bluetooth connectivity along with meter panel with white lighting.

The Perodua Alza S has a distinctive Metallic Electric Blue paint choice. Costs remained unchanged by the Perodua Alza Standard version despite the additional features.

It’s based on a protracted Proton GEN•two platform, and has been marketed as a saloon complement to the GEN•two hatchback.

The next generation Proton Persona (BH) premiered in August 2016. It’s based on a protracted Proton Iriz platform, and is sold as a saloon complement to the Iriz hatchback. It directly replaced the nine-year-old CM Persona in its home market.

---

Second Generation (CM6: 2007–2016)

The second generation Proton Persona (CM) premiered on 15 August 2007. It’s the first Proton model to utilize the ‘Persona’ nameplate in its home market.

The CM Persona relies on a protracted Proton GEN•two platform, and has been marketed as a saloon complement to the GEN•two hatchback.

The whole section aft of the B-pillar was re-engineered, and a lot of the GEN•two’s flaws were addressed.

Early models of the CM Persona were fitted using the 1.6-litre CamPro S4PH engine, but later versions received the enhanced CamPro IAFM unit.

The CM Persona would become a best-seller for Proton, selling over 40,000 units annually before the initiation of the Proton Prevé.

It was pitched as a premium version of the present CM Persona with exclusive kit and luxury equipment.

The changes were mostly cosmetic, and would place the Persona’s exterior styling to another six decades.The last upgrade to the CM series, the Persona SV, premiered in November 2013.

The SV brought down prices and standardised all-purpose disk brakes and twin airbags.

---

Third Generation (BH6; 2016–present)

The third generation Proton Persona (BH) was launched in August 2016.  It’s based on a protracted Proton Iriz platform and shares the latter’s 1.6-litre VVT engine and fundamental structure, but its exterior design was fully re-engineered to give it a different character.

The inside of the BH Persona is largely unchanged over the Iriz, with the principal exception of the new two-tier colour scheme.

The BH Persona is 1 class smaller than the outgoing CM Persona, but it provides more headroom, comparable rear legroom and a significantly bigger boot.

The new BH is also more powerful, fuel efficient and more sophisticated than the older CM. It’s the latest version to take Proton’s newfound ‘affordable safety’ USP, and all BH Persona versions are given the full five-star rating by ASEAN NCAP.

---

Performance

The 2015 Myvi will be produced in six versions, in two engine and transmission alternatives, namely the 1.3L Standard G manual and automatic, 1.3L Premium X automatic, 1.5L SE manual and automatic and 1.5L Advance automatic.

The powertrain remains largely unchanged over the pre-facelift Myvi, with the four-cylinder 1.3L K3-VE and 1.5L 3SZ-VE engines developing 89 hp with 117 Nm, and 102 hp with 136 Nm respectively.

The four-speed automatic and five-speed manual transmissions also have been carried over in the pre-facelift model.

---

Equipment

The most crucial changes in the facelifted Perodua Myvi would amount to the greater equipment and kit levels throughout the range.

The 1.3L and 1.5L versions are distinguished with exceptional bumpers and alloy rims.

The 1.3L Standard G version, the base model of the range, is fitted with a simple radio with CD-player head unit, while the more expensive 1.3L Premium X and 1.5L SE models add MP3/WMA, USB and Bluetooth capabilities.

The range-topping 1.5L Advance version comes with a multimedia system and navigation, in addition to a reverse camera. Both 1.3L versions are fitted with conventional fabric chairs, while the 1.5L SE sports material semi-bucket chairs, which is leather-wrapped from the 1.5L Advance.

The 1.3L versions are fitted with conventional halogen headlamps, whereas the 1.5L versions feature projector headlamps with guide lights, a first for a B-segment Malaysian-made vehicle.

Other new developments include the well-received anti-snatch hook initially found in the Perodua Axia, in addition to a retractable cup holder under the driver’s right side air-cond port.

The next generation Proton Saga premiered on 18 January 2008.  It’s based on a stretched Proton Savvy platform and has been developed in house by Proton.

The next generation Proton Saga was launched on 28 September 2016.

The Proton Saga is best known to have been named after the little reddish seed of this Saga shrub (Adenanthera pavonina). Additionally it is a well-known national emblem of Malaysia.

---

Proton Saga FLX

Proton added to its line-up the Saga FLX where ‘X’ stands for extra. The FLX is offered in two trim lines that may be mated to a choice of either manual or CVT drivetrains.

The fine-tuned CamPro IAFM+engine is used and there are options for double airbags and (ABS) with EBD).

The handling has been vastly improved with a new suspension setup which strikes a balance between ride comfort and handling functionality.

The exterior of the Saga FLX is like the Saga FL. It’s powered by a 108 hp CamPro IAFM+ 1.6 litre engine, paired with a CVT. Driver and passenger airbags in addition to ABS with EBD are standard.

The FLX SE comes with sportier kit and is only available in two colors, red and white.The Saga FLX entered the Australian marketplace in June 2012, where it was renamed the S16 FLX.

It replaces the older S16 in Proton Australia’s fleet. The S16 FLX comes in two variations, the GX and GXR, each with guide and CVT drivetrain options respectively, with double airbags, ABS and EBD standard across the range.

On 15 June 2013, Proton introduced a new sub-variant of this Saga FLX, known as the Saga SV. SV is an acronym for Super Value, with prices starting from only RM33,438 for the manual transmission version.

Regardless of the decrease in cost, the Saga SV offers enhanced safety standards with dual airbags and a reinforced frame with just minimal outside changes when compared to the Saga FLX Standard.

The Saga Plus was created in five colors, namely Tranquility Black, Fire Red, Genetic Silver, Solid White and Elegant Brown.

Despite the extra cosmetic upgrades, costs for the Saga Plus remained unchanged by the Saga SV, which range from RM33,242 for the guide with good paint to RM36,577 for the CVT with metallic paint, all of which were on-the-road costs with insurance.

---

Third Generation (BT3)

The third generation Proton Saga, codenamed P2-13A is an A-segment saloon engineered by Malaysian auto manufacturer Proton.

The third generation Saga relies on the outgoing Saga FLX platform, and is powered by the Iriz’s 1.3-litre VVT engine generating 94 Hp .

Proton has fully re-engineered the exterior design of the new Saga. [26] Its interior has been revamped and elegant with an emphasis on NVH reduction.

The next generation Saga is positioned as Proton’s entry-level sedan, under the bigger B-segment Persona.

Safety standards are enhanced with the introduction of electronic stability control (ESC) and a 20% stronger body structure. ASEAN NCAP has given a 4-star safety rating for the new Saga.

---

Safety ASEAN NCAP – 

The Perodua Axia was crash tested by the New Car Assessment Program for Southeast Asia (ASEAN NCAP), also has claimed a 4-Star rating, thus becoming the next Perodua model to score a 4-Star evaluation after the Alza.

The Perodua Axia Standard G, SE and Advance versions are equipped with an Anti-lock braking system (ABS) with Electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD) and Brake assist (BA).

The more affordable, no-frills Axia Standard E version isn’t equipped with the above features. The Axia is equipped with two airbags for all versions.

On 20 January 2017, ABS and EBD were added to the facelifted Standard G trim model as standard. Halogen projector headlights were also made standard across all trim levels.

The ASEAN NCAP has yet to declare the official scores to the Perodua Axia, but it is supposed that the 4-Star rating is only appropriate for the Axia Standard G, SE and Advance variations.

---

Powertrains

The Perodua Axia will only be provided with one petrol engine, the 998cc 12-valve DOHC 1KR-DE2 l3, sourced from Toyota and Daihatsu but is redesigned by Perodua.

The new 1.0 litre engine provides 66 hp (49 kW) at 6,000 rpm and 90 Nm (66 lb ft) of torque at 3,600 rpm.

It’s Perodua’s first engine to be made with aluminium components, which are lighter than their cast iron equivalents. Because of this, the new 1KR-DE2 engine weighs 69 kg, or 10 kg less than the old 989cc EJ-VE engine at the Perodua Viva.

Contrary to the 1KR-FE engine, The 1KR-DE from the Axia isn’t equipped with Toyota’s Variable Valve Timing with intelligence (VVT-i) technology. The sole 1.0L engine at the Axia is paired with a choice of two transmissions, a five-speed manual and a four-speed automatic respectively.

Perodua claims that the Axia is capable of reaching to 21.6 km/L with the guide, and 20.1 km/L using the automated while in ‘ECO Mode’.

All Axias will come equipped with an Electric Power Steering (EPS) system for increased ease of steering, along with enhanced fuel-efficiency.

The Perodua Axia became the first car to be eligible under Malaysia’s 2014 National Automotive Policy (NAP) Energy Efficient Vehicle (EEV) fuel-efficiency criteria on its late 2014 launch.